Components of a motherboard

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The main Circuit board of a computer is called motherboard.




A motherboard usually includes:

  • The CPU
  • Chipset
  • I/O Ports
  • BIOS
  • ROM
  • Expansion Slots   
  • Peripheral Controllers
Motherboard is also known as "Main Board" or "System Board"

Types of Motherboard:


Figure: A Common Motherboard


Types of Motherboard: There are two types of motherboard manufactured they are:

  • Non-Integrated Motherboard (Old models): In this type motherboards peripheral controller not included on the motherboard. Additional Boards (Add on cards) were installed in expansion slots as per requirement. For eg: Video Card, Sound Card etc.

  • Integrated Motherboard (Latest Models): In this type of motherboards most of the peripheral controller cards are integrated on motherboard itself


Chipset: A chipset is a motherboard component that includes the CPU and and Other Chips that supports basic functions of the computer.

The two main chips in the chipset are:
  
  • North Bridge: The portion of a computer chipset that connects between the CPU & the major interfaces on the computer including memory, AGP port and PCI bus. North bridge is also connected to south bridge.

  • South Bridge: The part of Computer chipset that connects slower speed interfaces such as parallel,Serial,USB and PS/2 ports, IDE to the North Bridge and then to the CPU.



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